Hello, my name is Jack, and I am a stage IV rectal cancer survivor. My journey with cancer has been a rollercoaster of emotions, treatments, and learning.

Today, I want to share with you what I've learned about rectal cancer and colon cancer, their differences, and some personal insights from my battle with this disease.

Understanding the Differences: Rectal Cancer vs. Colon Cancer

When I was diagnosed in May 2020, I had a 6 cm malignant tumor in my rectum, and the cancer had metastasized to my liver. This was a shocking and devastating revelation.

One of the first things I learned was the distinction between rectal cancer and colon cancer, terms often used interchangeably but actually referring to cancers in different parts of the large intestine.

Location and Anatomy

Understanding the differences between colon cancer and rectal cancer is crucial, as they occur in distinct parts of the large intestine and have different treatment implications.

Colon Cancer: This type of cancer occurs in the colon, constituting the upper 5-6 feet of the large intestine. The colon plays a vital role in absorbing water and salts from food remnants after they pass through the small intestine. It is divided into four main sections: the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon. Each part can potentially develop cancer, which can affect treatment strategies and surgical approaches.

Rectal Cancer: This cancer is found in the rectum, the last 6-8 inches of the large intestine, leading to the anus. The rectum's primary function is to store stool until it is ready to be excreted from the body. Due to its proximity to the anus and surrounding pelvic structures, rectal cancer treatment often requires specialized surgical techniques to preserve normal bowel function and minimize complications.

While both types of cancer are collectively referred to as colorectal cancer, their treatments and management can differ significantly due to their anatomical locations and the surrounding structures.

Diagnosis and Symptoms

My journey began with a series of unsettling symptoms that slowly became impossible to ignore. I experienced significant weight loss, loss of appetite, extreme fatigue, and bloody stools. Initially, I attributed these symptoms to stress and other personal issues, but their persistence led my wife to insist on a colonoscopy.

This procedure revealed a 6 cm malignant tumor in my rectum, and further tests showed that the cancer had metastasized to my liver. While both rectal and colon cancers can present similar symptoms, it's essential to recognize these warning signs early.

In my case, the common symptoms I experienced include:

Blood in the Stool: Blood in the stool is a significant red flag. In my case, it was one of the first noticeable signs. Blood can appear bright red or darker, indicating different parts of the gastrointestinal tract where bleeding might be occurring.

Persistent Abdominal Discomfort: This includes cramps, gas, and pain. The discomfort became a constant companion for me, disrupting my daily activities and sleep. This persistent pain is often due to the tumor's pressure on surrounding organs and tissues.

A Change in Bowel Habits: This can manifest as diarrhea, constipation, or narrowing of the stool. My bowel habits changed dramatically, and the inconsistency added to the overall discomfort and distress. Any significant or prolonged change in bowel habits should prompt medical consultation.

Unexplained Weight Loss: I lost a considerable amount of weight rapidly. This unexplained weight loss, despite maintaining my usual diet and lifestyle, was one of the most alarming symptoms. It indicated something was seriously wrong, as the body used more energy to fight the cancer cells.

Weakness or Fatigue: Extreme fatigue was another debilitating symptom. Simple tasks became exhausting, and I found myself needing to rest frequently. The constant fatigue was due to the body's resources being diverted to fight the growing cancer, leaving little energy for regular activities.

The diagnosis was a whirlwind of emotions. The colonoscopy revealed the rectal tumor, and an abdominal ultrasound the next day showed my liver was covered in tumors. Being diagnosed with stage IV rectal cancer that had metastasized to the liver, with a tumor marker CEA level over 2000, was utterly devastating. The following days were filled with tears and feelings of hopelessness as I grappled with the reality of my situation.

Feelings and Emotions After Diagnosis

Receiving a cancer diagnosis is an earth-shattering experience, and mine was no different. After the colonoscopy revealed a tumor in my rectum and further tests confirmed that the cancer had spread to my liver, I was diagnosed with stage IV rectal cancer. The news hit me like a ton of bricks. My initial reaction was a mix of shock, fear, and disbelief. I couldn't comprehend how my life had taken such a drastic turn.

In the days following the diagnosis, I spent a lot of time alone, crying and feeling utterly hopeless. The future seemed bleak, and all I could think about were the things I still wanted to do, but now, they seemed out of reach. I was overwhelmed by thoughts of my family and the possibility of not being there for them. The emotional burden was immense, and I felt a deep sense of despair.

Quitting my job was one of the first major decisions I had to make. It was a difficult step, but I knew I needed to focus all my energy on fighting the disease. Despite the fear and uncertainty, I fully complied with the oncologist's treatment plan, trusting the medical professionals and the recommended treatment protocols.

The initial phase of treatment brought its own set of emotional challenges. The side effects of chemotherapy were harsh, and there were times when I felt like giving up. Nausea, vomiting, and severe weakness became part of my daily life. The loss of my hair and changes in my taste buds were constant reminders of the battle I was fighting.

Despite the physical and emotional toll, I found strength in my support system—my wife, family, and friends. Their unwavering support and encouragement were vital in keeping my spirits up. I also found solace in researching and understanding my disease. Staying mentally active and engaged helped me cope with the emotional burden and reduced feelings of hopelessness.

Treatment Approaches

When my diagnosis came through, the treatment plan was aggressive due to the advanced stage of my cancer. Here's what I experienced and learned about the different treatments:

Surgery

Colon Cancer: Surgery for colon cancer often involves removing the affected part of the colon and nearby lymph nodes. Depending on the location and stage of the cancer, a colostomy (an opening from the colon to the outside of the body) may be temporary or permanent. This approach aims to eliminate the primary tumor and reduce the risk of cancer spreading to other parts of the body.

Rectal Cancer: My treatment involved a more specialized approach, a Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision (TaTME) using a da Vinci Surgical System. This surgery was particularly complex due to the narrow space of the pelvis. The precision of the da Vinci robot allowed for the meticulous removal of the tumor while preserving as much normal rectal function as possible. The postoperative period was incredibly challenging, with severe pain and immobility for the first few days. The experience underscored the importance of choosing a surgical team skilled in advanced techniques for better outcomes and recovery.

Chemotherapy and Radiation

Both rectal and colon cancers are treated with chemotherapy, but the specifics can vary:

Rectal Cancer: My journey with chemotherapy was intense. Initially, I underwent simultaneous chemotherapy and radiation therapy to shrink the tumor before surgery. This combination was necessary to reduce bleeding and tumor size, making the surgical removal more effective. Each chemotherapy session required a three-day hospital stay, where I was hooked up to an IV for over 48 hours. The side effects were as harsh as those depicted in movies: severe nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and a profound change in taste. Foods that once brought joy now triggered nausea. Radiation therapy added to the physical toll, causing additional weakness and a significant drop in hemoglobin levels due to internal bleeding. Despite the grueling nature of these treatments, they played a crucial role in controlling the cancer and making surgery a viable option.

Colon Cancer: Chemotherapy for colon cancer is typically administered after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells and prevent a recurrence. Radiation is less commonly used but can be part of the treatment plan if the cancer is advanced or has spread to nearby tissues. The approach can vary based on the cancer's stage and location, but the goal remains to eradicate any residual disease and reduce the risk of metastasis. Unlike my experience with rectal cancer, where chemotherapy was needed both before and after surgery, colon cancer treatment often focuses on post-surgical chemotherapy.

Personal Insights and Lifestyle Changes

My journey has been a continuous learning process, not just about the disease but also about my body and how to support it. Here are some personal insights that might help others in a similar situation:

Diet and Nutrition

After multiple recurrences, I knew something had to change drastically. I delved into extensive research and discovered a significant connection between sugar intake and cancer cell growth. This led me to adopt a very low-carb diet, cutting out all sugars and significantly reducing my carbohydrate intake. My diet became rich in vegetables, proteins, and natural phytonutrient supplements, which I carefully selected based on scientific research.

Phytonutrient Supplements: I incorporated a variety of natural supplements known for their anticancer properties. These included turmeric, green tea extract, resveratrol, and various antioxidants. Each supplement was chosen for its potential to enhance my body's ability to fight cancer and support overall health.

Intermittent Fasting: Alongside my diet, I practiced intermittent fasting. This involved regular fasting periods ranging from two to ten days, during which I consumed only water, green tea, black coffee, sugar-free electrolytes, and my phytonutrient supplements. I also undertook longer fasting periods—once for ten days and another time for seven days—prior to significant treatments. These fasting periods seemed to have a synergistic effect with my chemotherapy, potentially weakening the cancer cells' resilience.

The combination of these dietary changes and fasting not only helped me manage my weight but also significantly boosted my energy levels. I noticed a marked improvement in my overall health and mental clarity and a reduction in the side effects commonly associated with chemotherapy, such as "chemo brain."

Exercise

Maintaining physical activity, even if minimal, was crucial in my fight against cancer. Despite the weakness and fatigue caused by treatments, I made a point to engage in Zone 2 endurance training and resistance exercises.

Zone 2 training, a moderate-intensity exercise that keeps the heart rate at a level where fat is used as the primary fuel source, helped improve my cardiovascular health and stamina. Resistance training helped me maintain muscle mass and strength, vital for overall resilience and recovery.

Mental Health

Cancer takes a profound toll on mental health. Throughout my journey, I found solace in research and understanding my disease. This proactive approach empowered me and provided a sense of control over my situation.

I immersed myself in books, scientific papers, and expert interviews, continually learning and adapting my lifestyle based on the latest findings. Staying mentally active and engaged helped me cope with the emotional burden and reduced feelings of hopelessness.

Monitoring Health

Regularly tracking my health metrics became an essential part of my routine. I closely monitored my tumor markers (CEA levels), blood glucose, fasting insulin, and other relevant indicators. This diligent monitoring allowed me to proactively adjust my lifestyle and treatment plans, responding to changes before they could escalate.

By understanding these metrics and their implications, I could better manage my diet, exercise, and supplement regimen to support my ongoing battle against cancer.

My Final Thoughts

Cancer is a formidable adversary, but understanding its nuances can empower you to fight back more effectively. Whether it's rectal or colon cancer, knowing the differences, treatment options, and potential lifestyle adjustments can make a significant difference in your journey.

My experience with rectal cancer taught me the importance of a holistic approach to health. A combination of rigorous scientific treatment and personal lifestyle adjustments played a crucial role in my fight against this disease.

For those in similar situations, stay informed, be proactive, and continually adapt to find what works best for you. Life is short; the days are long—live with passion and enjoyment wherever you find it.

My Journey: Insights on Rectal Cancer vs. Colon Cancer